Ground Settlement Measurement and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Vertical Shaft Machine
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摘要: 垂直竖井沉降掘进工法(VSM)是一种通过机械臂在水下对地层进行摆幅开挖并同时进行预制管片拼装作业的下沉式竖井掘进施工新方法.以上海竹园白龙港污水连通管工程为背景，综合对比分析理论计算、现场实测和数值模拟结果，从而对VSM施工技术在上海软土地区首个工程案例进行系统性技术分析.现场实测表明，VSM掘进开挖引起的最大地表沉降为15.2mm，最大水平位移为3.74mm，竖井开挖对地表沉降的影响范围约为30m；相比于传统的地下连续墙下的基坑开挖施工，该工法对上海软土地层的适用性较强.应用有限元分析方法，对VSM竖井施工过程中地层沉降变形、土压力变化、竖井失稳与突涌风险进行了数值模拟分析，并讨论了数值模拟结果与基坑理论计算、现场实测结果的差异性.研究结果表明：采用流固耦合、弹塑性模型、莫尔-库伦准则、比奥固结模型进行的数值计算可有效对VSM竖井施工进行仿真模拟；VSM竖井整体开挖的过程中，井底稳定性安全系数皆大于1.8，整体发生土体失稳、井底突涌的风险性非常小.最后对VSM施工技术对工程环境的影响进行分析总结，并为未来其他实际工程的变形控制提出应对方案与合理化建议.Abstract: The vertical shaft machine (VSM) construction method is a new submerged shaft excavation construction method in which the manipulator is used to excavate saturation stratum and assemble the prefabricated segments at the same time.This paper takes Shanghai Zhuyuan Bailonggang Sewage Connecting Pipe Project as engineering background,comprehensively compares and analyzes the theoretical calculation,field measurement results and numerical simulation results,so as to systematically analyze the first engineering case of VSM in Shanghai soft clay area.The field measurement shows that the maximum ground surface settlement is 15.2mm,the maximum horizontal displacement is 3.74mm,and the influence range on surface settlement is about 30m.Compared with the excavation construction under the traditional diaphragm wall,VSM has strong applicability to soft clay layer in Shanghai.Using the finite element analysis method,the numerical simulation of VSM construction method for the settlement and deformation,earth pressure,shaft instability and inrush risk are carried out.And the difference along with numerical simulation results,the theoretical calculation and field measurement results of VSM is discussed.Results show that the numerical calculation using fluid-solid coupling,elastoplastic model,Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Biot consolidation model can effectively simulate the construction of VSM.And the safety factor of shaft stability is greater than 1.8,so that the risk of soil instability and bottom hole inrush is very small.Finally,the countermeasures and suggestions for deformation control in the future are put forward.
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