Abstract: The quantitative assessment of water and sediment reduction effects resulting from soil and water conservation measures during flood events is crucial for achieving high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.In this study,we developed a watershed-scale water and sediment simulation model by integrating the storage capacity allocation curve,infiltration capacity allocation curve,Chinese soil loss equation (CSLE) sediment model,and long short-term memory (LSTM) deep learning routing model.Using the Chenggou River Basin as a case study,we quantitatively investigated the influence of check dams and terraced fields on the water and sediment processes within the basin under different underlying surface conditions.Our analysis was based on 29 flood events occurring between 2013 and 2017.The results demonstrate that the coupled water and sediment model exhibits excellent applicability,with NSE and R² values of 0.877 and 0.978 during the calibration period,and 0.850 and 0.953 during the validation period,respectively.The relative errors in estimating soil erosion were 10.49% and 15.06%,respectively.Furthermore,the existing warping dams and terraces in the Chenggou River Basin covered approximately 54.8% and 47.35% of the watershed area,effectively intercepting 55.61% and 10.54% of the total runoff volume and reducing soil loss by 47% and 33.8%,respectively.These findings indicate a significant improvement in water and soil conservation effectiveness.