Abstract: In order to address the challenge of insufficient load-bearing capacity in the shear walls of concrete structures resulting from concrete leakage during construction,an unsupported local concrete replacement method is proposed to enhance the load-bearing capacity.This paper validates the feasibility of this method using an actual project,analyzes the vertical bearing capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls with unsupported local concrete replacement,and deduces the formula for calculating the vertical bearing capacity based on current standards and specifications.The research findings demonstrate that the technique of local concrete replacement,involving the removal of problematic concrete and substitution with new concrete,proves effective for sheal wall strengthening.Increasing the concrete replacement ratio and utilizing high-strength replacement concrete enhance the vertical bearing capacity of shear walls.The load-bearing capacity of walls with replacement dimensions and spacing falling within the range of 1 000~1 600mm is superior,with the layout form of both dimensions being the most crucial factor influencing the vertical bearing capacity of shear walls.A calculation formula for the ultimate vertical bearing capacity of RC shear walls with unsupported local concrete replacement is proposed,and the reliability of this formula is validated through finite element analysis.